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The condition of teeth and gums plays a crucial role in overall well-being, according to Veronica Ledesma, MS, RDH, an assistant clinical professor at the UT Health Science Center San Antonio School of Dentistry and new co-director of the school’s new Bachelor of Science in Dental Hygiene degree program at the UT Education and Research Center at Laredo.

National Dental Hygiene Month is a good reminder of the importance of oral health and the work of prevention professionals like Ledesma. She explained that proper dental hygiene not only creates a bright smile but also contributes significantly to protecting the body from disease and inflammation.

The mouth-body connection

“We may have separate facilities for dental and medical care, but the two are not independent,” Ledesma said. “They are part of one body. What happens to one affects the other.”

Neglecting oral health can lead to an accumulation of bacteria in the form of plaque, a sticky biofilm that naturally develops on teeth. Left undisturbed, plaque bacteria reproduce, irritating the gums, which react by swelling.

Over time, an infection known as gum disease or periodontitis develops. Common signs include red, swollen, bleeding or tender gums, loose teeth, dry mouth or persistent bad breath.

Bleeding and swollen gums give bacteria the opportunity to invade the gumline and enter the blood vessels. Once in the bloodstream, they are carried through the body and contribute to a range of medical problems, including cardiovascular and diabetes management issues, Ledesma said.

Cardiovascular health

Research has shown a strong link between gum disease and cardiovascular diseases. Bacteria in the bloodstream can cause the lining of blood vessels to become inflamed. Their accumulation in the vessels contributes to atherosclerosis, a hardening of the arteries.

Bacteria are also known to collect on the valves of the heart. Over time, the buildup prevents the heart from working properly.

Diabetes management

People with diabetes are more susceptible to gum disease because their body often makes less saliva, which protects the mouth against dryness, food particles, plaque and tooth decay. Diabetes can also increase the amount of sugar in saliva, which increases bacterial growth and buildup.

The swelling that accompanies gum disease makes it harder to control blood sugar levels. “Any infection or inflammation, no matter where it is in the body, raises blood sugar levels, which is dangerous for a diabetic,” Ledesma said.

Diabetes and oral health are so deeply linked that dental professionals can often detect early signs of the condition.

“Gum disease can be a precursor to diabetes,” Ledesma said. “Many people don’t discover they are diabetic until they’re told that they have gum disease. The good news is that we can help them manage both conditions effectively with proper oral care.”

Benefits of good dental hygiene

Good oral hygiene practices not only reduce the risk of inflammation and disease but provide other notable benefits. The most obvious being the prevention of dental problems, such as cavities, gum disease and tooth decay.

A healthy and attractive smile can significantly boost confidence, enhancing self-esteem and overall well-being.

Preventive dental care is also good for the wallet. Regular check-ups and cleanings are more cost-effective than treating advanced dental problems that require extensive treatment.

Ledesma provides practical tips for achieving and maintaining a healthy mouth:

1. Regular brushing and flossing: Brush teeth two to three times a day and floss once a day. Use a soft-bristle toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste for at least two minutes for effective cleaning.

2. Mouthwash: Consider using an antimicrobial or fluoride mouthwash after brushing and flossing. It can help kill bacteria and strengthen teeth.

3. Healthy diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins and whole grains is good for teeth. Limit sugary snacks and beverages, as sugar feeds harmful bacteria in the mouth.

4. Stay hydrated: Drinking water helps wash away food particles and bacteria in the mouth.

5. Regular dental check-ups: Keep dental appointments. Check-ups and cleanings are essential for catching and addressing dental issues early.

To schedule your next dental check-up with UT Dentistry, call our San Antonio General Dentistry Clinic at 210-567-6453 or the Laredo Dental Clinic at 956-523-7500.